Cracked It!: How to Solve Big Problems and Sell Solutions Like Top Strategy Consultants by Bernard Garrette, Corey Phelps & Olivier Sibony Book Review

“So, are you Othello or Hamlet? Are you more likely to think—and act— too fast, or to get mired in analysis paralysis? While jumping to conclusions and actions is a widespread fault in individuals, analysis paralysis is frequent in large, bureaucratic organizations that pile up studies and reports before taking any action or no action at all. (5)”

Cracked It! by Bernard Garrette, Corey Phelps, and Olivier Sibony provides a meticulously crafted roadmap for solving complex problems and selling solutions effectively. At its core lies the 4S method: State, Structure, Solve, and Sell, which builds upon and innovates beyond traditional consulting practices. The authors’ academic rigour and real-world consulting expertise culminate in a practical guide that is as valuable for seasoned executives as aspiring strategists.

The book’s premise is encapsulated in its assertion: “The future is no longer what it used to be. The business world is undergoing unprecedented disruption. Every problem is more complex. Cracked It! will be the bible of the true problem solvers.” The authors argue that today’s problems demand a flexible, integrative approach, blending structured logic with creativity, all while addressing the pitfalls of cognitive bias and ineffective communication.

The 4S Method: Redefining Problem-Solving Frameworks

The 4S method addresses shortcomings in traditional consulting methods, particularly the Problem-Solving Approach of Consulting (PSAC), which relies heavily on hypothesis-driven thinking. While PSAC excels in structured problem dissection, it falls short in fostering creativity and can suffer from confirmation bias.

The 4S method introduces three distinct problem-solving paths, enhancing flexibility and robustness:

1. Hypothesis-Driven Path: Efficient but prone to bias, this path suits scenarios where problems and solutions are relatively straightforward.
2. Issue-Driven Path: Using tools like issue trees, this path encourages a more profound exploration of root causes, avoiding premature diagnoses.
3. Design Thinking Path: Ideal for human-centred challenges, this approach prioritises empathy, user understanding, and iterative solution design.

Unlike PSAC, which prioritises efficiency, the 4S method emphasises adaptability and thoroughness, offering a more balanced approach. Its inclusion of the Sell stage, which focuses on persuading stakeholders, sets it apart as a holistic framework for solving problems and implementing solutions. Let’s finish this section on the 4S Method with a quote from the book:

“Fundamentally, the 4S method encourages you to switch from an intuitive, informal, and automatic approach to solving and selling problems, to a reasoned, structured, and manual approach. (50)”

Comparing Cracked It! with Similar Books

To better understand the unique value of Cracked It!, it is helpful to compare it with other prominent books in the field:

1. The McKinsey Mind by Ethan M. Rasiel and Paul N. Friga:
   This classic delves into the techniques used by McKinsey consultants, emphasising hypothesis-driven approaches and MECE (Mutually Exclusive, Collectively Exhaustive) frameworks. While highly practical, it narrowly focuses on traditional analytical tools and lacks the creativity or flexibility offered by the 4S method. In contrast, Cracked It! integrates design thinking and mitigates bias through its issue-driven path, making it more versatile.
2. Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman:
   Kahneman’s exploration of cognitive biases provides a deep understanding of the psychological traps that affect decision-making. While Cracked It! draws on similar insights, it extends beyond theory by offering actionable frameworks like the 4S method to counteract these biases in practical problem-solving.
3. Blue Ocean Strategy by W. Chan Kim and Renée Mauborgne:
   Blue Ocean Strategy is focused on strategic innovation and market creation and complements the 4S method’s design thinking path. However, it lacks the comprehensive structure for problem-solving and solution communication provided by Cracked It!

In essence, Cracked It! combines the best of these approaches: the analytical depth of The McKinsey Mind, the psychological insight of Thinking, Fast and Slow, and the creativity of Blue Ocean Strategy, while addressing gaps in each.

Real-World Relevance and Unique Contributions

The book’s relevance shines in its application of frameworks to real-world scenarios. For instance, the authors use case studies like the music industry’s adaptation to digital downloads and GE’s development of child-friendly MRI scanners. These examples demonstrate how the 4S method bridges structured analysis with human-centred innovation.

Additionally, while not novel in themselves, the Five Forces model and VRIO framework are seamlessly integrated into the 4S method, providing a comprehensive toolkit for understanding competition and leveraging resources.

One precious feature is the distinction between “trouble” (symptoms) and “diagnosis” (root causes). By focusing on defining “trouble” before jumping to solutions, the authors encourage readers to avoid the common pitfall of flawed problem definition—a critical insight for tackling today’s complex challenges.

Who Should Read This Book and Why?

1. Business Leaders and Executives:
   For decision-makers grappling with strategic challenges, Cracked It! offers a structured yet adaptable approach to problem-solving. The book equips leaders to make better decisions and gain buy-in for their solutions by addressing cognitive biases and emphasising stakeholder communication.
2. Consultants and Strategists:
   Aspiring and experienced consultants will find the 4S method invaluable because it blends analytical and creative techniques. It democratises problem-solving methods traditionally associated with top-tier firms, making them accessible to a broader audience.
3. Students and Academics:
   With its clear explanations of frameworks and practical examples, the book is an excellent resource for students studying strategy, management, or consulting.
4. Entrepreneurs and Innovators:
   Entrepreneurs tackling ambiguous, human-centred problems will benefit from the design thinking path, which fosters empathy-driven innovation.
5. General Readers Seeking Problem-Solving Skills:
   Even outside the business world, the principles of the 4S method—structured thinking, creativity, and effective communication—are universally applicable to personal and professional challenges.

Benefits of Reading the Book:

• Mastery of a structured, versatile problem-solving framework.
• Tools to counteract cognitive biases and flawed reasoning.
• Enhanced ability to persuade stakeholders and implement solutions effectively.
• Exposure to practical, real-world applications of strategy frameworks.

At Last, It is A Must-Have Guide for Modern Problem-Solvers

Cracked It! is a standout addition to the problem-solving genre, blending theoretical rigour with practical insights. Its integration of diverse paths—hypothesis-driven, issue-driven, and design thinking—positions it as a versatile toolkit for navigating the complexities of modern business.

What truly distinguishes this book is its emphasis on the Sell stage, ensuring solutions don’t just remain ideas but are implemented successfully. As the authors put it, “Fundamentally, the 4S method encourages you to switch from an intuitive, informal, and automatic approach to solving and selling problems, to a reasoned, structured, and manual approach.”

By balancing structured analysis, creativity, and stakeholder engagement, Cracked It! is a must-read for anyone seeking to become a more effective problem solver. Whether you’re a consultant, executive, or entrepreneur, this book equips you with the skills to tackle challenges head-on and drive meaningful change.

You can get a copy of this book from Amazon India by clicking the link here.

Review by Ashutosh for The Last Critic